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España y Filipinas
''España y Filipinas'', meaning “Spain and the Philippines” in translation, is an 1886 oil on wood〔〔Honasan, Alya B. ("España y Filipinas" by Juan Luna ), Into the 21st Century, lopezmuseum.org.ph〕 by Filipino painter, ilustrado, propagandist, and paladin, Juan Luna. It is an allegorical depiction〔Ocampo, Ambeth. (Juan Luna’s works ), Looking Back, Inquirer Opinion/Columns, Inquirer, opinion.inquirer.net, October 24, 2007〕 of two women together, one a representation of Spain and the other of the Philippines.〔Arrizón, Alicia. (Queering Mestizaje: Transculturation and Performance ), pages 146-149, University of Michigan Press ISBN 0-472-06955-1〕 The painting, also known as ''España Guiando a Filipinas'' ("Spain Leading the Philippines"),〔Go, Kitty. (''España Guiando a Filipinas'' (Spain Leading the Philippines) by Juan Luna ), from "Sotheby's to auction Hidalgo's 'La Parisienne'", Inquirer News Service, inquirer.net〕 is regarded as one of the “enduring pieces of legacy” that the Filipinos inherited from Luna.〔(Revisiting the Lopez Museum ), asiantravelermagazine.com〕 The painting is a centerpiece art at the Luna Hall〔 of the Lopez Memorial Museum.〔〔
==Description==
The Spaniard woman or “Mother Fatherland" was drawn with “wide strong shoulders” while the Filipino woman was illustrated as “graceful” and brown-skinned. Both were wearing female dresses known as ''traje de mestiza'' or "dress of the mestiza". The dressing of the women in traje de mestizas shows the cultural character, class consciousness, and social transformations resulting from 19th century Hispanization. Both women have their backs to the viewer, heading towards a far-away horizon, while embarking on the steps of a staircase.〔 Side by side in the painting, Spain was shown to be leading the Philippines along the path to progress and development.〔
The taller and maternal white figure of a woman is Spain, a representation of the "benevolent image of colonialism", is pointing ahead and guiding the "humbly dressed" Filipina to the "right way".〔Tan, Clarissa. (Acceptance, satire, rebellion ) – the Philippine and Mexican exhibitions at the Singapore Art Museum show us the many ways artists deal with the powers that be, clarissa-tan.com〕 The painting appeared in the book entitled ''El legado de España a Filipinas'' or "the Spanish legacy in the Philippines" with the accompanying caption stating: ''España guiando a Filipinas por la senda del progreso'' (“Spain leads the Philippines on their way to progress”).〔 It is further described as a painting that once linked the colonized with its former colonists,〔Rapadas, Don G. (The Past is Just Nearby ), ''Two private museums within the metropolis tell our history and describe our identity'', Leisure, Philippine Business Magazine, Volume 8, No. 6, philippinebusiness.com〕 a "bucolic allegory" of the master and the servant "walking hand in hand".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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